SSDI vs. SSI: Understanding the Difference

Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI)

SSDI is based on work history and payroll tax contributions.

To qualify for SSDI, an individual generally must:

• Have worked and paid Social Security taxes for a sufficient period

• Have earned enough work credits

• Meet Social Security’s medical definition of disability

SSDI is not based on financial need, but work activity and earnings may still affect eligibility.

Supplemental Security Income (SSI)

SSI is a needs-based program for individuals with limited income and resources.

To qualify for SSI, an individual generally must:

• Meet income and resource limits

• Be disabled, blind, or age 65 or older

• Reside in the United States

Household income and certain resources may impact eligibility and payment amounts.

Medical Standards Are the Same

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Both SSDI and SSI use the same medical evaluation process. A claim approved under one program does not automatically qualify under the other unless all eligibility requirements are met.

Work and Income Considerations

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Working or receiving income does not automatically disqualify a claim, but earnings, job duties, and income sources must be accurately reported. Social Security reviews work activity carefully when evaluating eligibility under either program.

Which Program Applies?

​Some individuals may qualify for:

• SSDI only

• SSI only

• Both SSDI and SSI

Eligibility depends on work history, income, resources, and individual circumstances.

Note

This information is provided for general educational purposes only. For official rules and current eligibility requirements, visit the Social Security Administration at ssa.gov